Gendered Dimensions of Livestock Ownership in Lesotho: An Analysis of Socioeconomic Determinants

O.O. Popoola; I.D. Ighodaro; B. Nkonki-Mandleni

doi:10.17159/2413-3221/2025/v53n6a21927

Authors

O.O. Popoola Mangosuthu University of Technology https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8514-5713
I.D. Ighodaro Mangosuthu University of Technology https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2879-1807
B. Nkonki-Mandleni Mangosuthu University of Technology https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9908-8548

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17159/2413-3221/2025/v53n6a21927

Keywords:

Gender Differences, Livestock Production, Policy Interventions, Socioeconomic Factors

Abstract

This study explores the gendered dimensions of household livestock ownership in Lesotho through the perpectives of Feminist Political Ecology (FPE). Drawing on nationally representative cross-sectional data from the 2023–2024 Lesotho Demographic and Health Survey (LDHS), involving 9,810 households, the study utilises logistic regression to examine how gender, marital status, education, wealth, land tenure, rurality, and ecological zones influence livestock ownership. Findings reveal that male-headed households have significantly higher ownership rates than their female-headed counterparts, highlighting persistent patriarchal norms in resource access and decision-making. Ownership is positively associated with rural residence, land access, household size, and specific agro-ecological zones such as the Mountains and Senqu River Valley. Additionally, higher educational attainment is inversely related to livestock ownership, especially among men, suggesting a shift away from agricultural livelihoods. The study emphasises the structural nature of gender disparities and calls for policy interventions that address land tenure reforms, enhance support for female-headed households, and tailor rural development strategies to ecological and social contexts. These insights are essential for promoting inclusive and equitable livestock development in Lesotho.

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